What is the first level of needs in the hierarchy of needs?

The first level of needs in the hierarchy of needs is psychological or biological needs. This foundational tier encompasses the essential requirements necessary for survival, including air, water, food, shelter, sleep, and clothing. According to Maslow’s hierarchy, these basic needs must be met before an individual can focus on higher-level needs such as safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

These biological needs are crucial because they represent the fundamental requirements for physical well-being. If these needs are not satisfied, an individual’s ability to function effectively and pursue further personal development will be significantly limited. Understanding this foundational level helps explain why individuals often prioritize these needs in critical situations, making them central to human motivation and behavior.